Wall construction



F. McM. SAWYER. WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION mu! MAR-24, 1919. RENEWED OCT. 12.1920.

Patented May 17, 1921. I

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PATENT oFFlcaf rmmx MOMURRAY SAWYER, or nos Aromas, CALIFORNIA.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

1 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 17, 1921.

Application filed March 24, 1919, Serial No. 284,604. Renewed October 12, 1920 Serial No. 416,512.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK MGM. SAWYER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in wall construction and slabs for forming the same, and has for its particular object to provide a wall formed of standardized units, the units being of such shape that they can bemolded in the type of plural molds well known in the art.

Another object is to provide a wall construction which can be erected without the use of skilled labor, accomplishing the same by the use of concrete slabs formed with interlocking portions, and in a manner of arrangement that will hold secure against displacement when being erected, wherein the pressure of the poured concrete in the stud sections will further interlock and bind the members together, I

These and other objects hereinafter set forth are attained by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a wall shown during the course of erection.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section through one of the stud sections of the wall.

F Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3-8 of ig. 4 is a detail perspective view of one of the longitudinal or facing slabs.

Fig. 5 is alike view of one of the key slabs, and

Fig. 6 is a detail view showing a modified arrangement of the facing slabs anda ortion of a key slab in position detached rom the facing slabs. 1

Similar reference numerals in all of the figures of the drawing designate like parts.

From Fig. 1 of the drawing, it' will be observed that a hollow wall construction is provided having inner and outer courses which are bound, together with transverse keymembers, said key-members being arranged in a manner to form at intervals along the wall relatively narrow vertical spaces which are filled with concrete to provide solid stud sections. I

The slabs 10 and 11 forming the outer and inner facings of the wall respectively,

are laid in horizontal courses, the slabs in alternate courses being staggered relative to the adjacent courses. Each of these longitudinal slabs are formed with one horizontal bevelled edge 12, preferably the top horizontal edge, the bevel extending downwardly and outwardly from the inner side of the slab, and on the inner side of each slab, at the lower corners thereof, are formed recesses 13 which are adapted to receive the locklng projections 14 of the transverse stud-slabs 1 Each of therecesses 13- is formed with a top wall which is inclined upwardly from the edge of the slab, as shown at 16, and is also inclined upwardly from the inner side of the slab, as shown at 17, thereby forming an undercut top side for each recess'The top edges of the locking projections 14 of the slabs 15 are bevelled to correspond to the top walls of the recess 13, so that when the projections are inserted in the recess, the slabs are prevented from slipping relativeto each bther. The recesses 13 are {formed considerably wider than the thickness of the transverse slabs, so when the slabs 15 are positionedagainst the rear wall of the recesses 13, a large portion of the recesses in front of the projections 14 remains unfilled until the concrete is poured in the stud spaces, when it fills the balance of the recesses and forms an abutment in frontof each of the projections 14. The ends of the slabs 10 are keyed to thestud filling owing to the undercut to wall of the recesses, thus securely bindlng the parts together, and the pressure of the poured concrete [in the stud. sections exerts a force against the inclined top wall of the recesses with a tendency of bringing-the longitudinal slabs-in direct compression endwise. In alternate courses the center of the longitudinal slabs are located at the stud sections, and to further bind the concrete column or stud to the side walls, a recess 18 is formed at the center of the lower edge of each of the slabs 10 and 11, and provided with an undercut top Wall which will key the center of the slabs 10 and 11 tothe stud members, and thereby eliminate all tendencies of the wall to separate or give way under loads.

' The key slabs 15' are preferably formed substantially twice as high as the side slabs 10 and 11, so that alternate pairs of key slabs 15 are staggered in relation to the adjacent pairs, and the height of each of the key slabs is such, that with the lower edge of the ke slabs resting on top edges of the longitu inal slabs, the top edges of the key slabs will not reach the plane of the substantial manner, and with the side slabs arranged in break-joint relation, and also with the key slabs in break-joint relation with each other. The stud sections are formed of a suitable size to carry the loads desired, and said stud sections being located at intervals provide hollow walls between the stud sections, the whole forming a wall of great strength and desirability owing to the minimum amount of material necessary to obtain desired results. The surfaces of this wall can be finished in any desired manner.

It will be observed from Fig. 6 of the drawing, that the slabs can be arranged in a reverse manner to that shown in Fig. 1, that is, with the edges of the side slabs having the recesses arranged uppermost as shown at 19, so that the projections on the key members canbe hung in the recesses, instead of hanging the side slabs on the projections as shown in Fig. 1.

It will be clearly seen from the drawing, that the depth of the recesses 13 and 18 is less than the thickness of the slabs, thus effectually inclosing the stud sections between the side walls and concealing the joints thereof.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed is 1. A wall construction, comprising inner and outer walls each formed of a single line of side-slabs arranged in horizontal courses with staggered joints, each of said side-slabs bein formed with recesses at their ends and whic open only on the inner sides of the slabs, and throu h a portion of one longitudinal edge an a portion of the vertical edges, transverse key-slabs having projections on each vertical edge at one side only to engage in the'recesses in the side-slabs to support the side-slabs in alinement. and a concrete filling between each pair of transverse slabs and their projections to form stud sections at intervals throughout the length of the wallcand lock the transverse slabs against the closed sides of the recesses.

2. A wall construction, com rising inner and outer Walls-each formed'o a single li having beveled faced projections on each of side-slabs arranged in horizontal courses with staggered joints, each of said side-slabs being formed with recesses at their ends and which open only on the inner sides of the slabs and through a portion of one longitudinal edge and a portion of the vertical edges, each of said recesses having an undercut longitudinal side, transverse key-slabs vertical edge at one side only to engage in 75, the recesses in the side-slabs to support the side-slabs in alinement, and a concrete filling "between each pair of transverse slabs and their projections to form stud sections at intervals throughout the length of the wall and lock the transverse slabs against the closed sides of the recesses.

3. A wall construction, comprising inner and outer walls each formed of a single line of side-slabs arranged in horizontal courses with staggered joints, each of said side-slabs being formed with recesses at their ends and which open only on the inner sides of the slabs and through-a portion of one longitudinal edge and a portion of the vertical edges, each of said recesses having an undercut longitudinal side, transverse keyslabs having beveled faced projections on each vertical edge to engage in the recesses in the side-slabs to support them in alinement, the'thickness of the transverse slabs being less than the length of the recesses, and a concrete filling between each pair of transverse slabs and also engaging the undercut wall of the recesses in frontof the 100 transverseslabs, said concrete fillings forming stud sections at intervals throughout the length of the wall and lock the transverse slabs against the closed sides of the recesses.

4. A wall construction, comprising inner and outer Walls each formed of a single line of side-slabs arranged in horizontal courses with staggered joints, each of said side-slabs being formed with a recess at each end and 114 also-a central recess, all of said recesses being open only on the inner sides of the slabs and each being provided with an undercut longitudinaliside, transverse keyslabs having beveled faced projections on 11:

each vertical edge to engage the undercut sides of and in the end recesses of the sideslabs, and a concrete filling between each pair of transverse slabs to form stud sections at intervals throughout the length of 121 the wall, said concrete filling engagmg in the end recesses of the slabs in alternate courses and in the central recesses in the other courses.

-5. In a wallconstruction, inner and outer 12 walls formed of slabs, transverse key-slabs for connecting said walls together, the wallslabs bein formed with key receiving recesses on t eir inner sides only and provided with an undercut wall on ne side of said 13 recesses, and said transverse key-slabs being formed with key projections of a thickness less than the length of saidrecesses and which are adapted to engage therein, and a concrete filling between each pair. of'the transverse key-slabs, said filling also entering the portions of the recesses not filled by the key projections, whereby the recesses v serve as a keying means to receive at the FRANK MQMURRAY SAWYER. 

